An austenitic chromium-nickel molybdenum stainless and heat-resisting steel, Type 316 has an excellent corrosion resistance particularly against pitting versus other chromium-nickel steels, especially when exposed to different chemicals. These corrodents consist of brine solutions, seawater, and similar salts and acids. This alloy deep draws well and is easily welded, although carbide precipitation may occur when slowly cooled through the temperature range of 800°-1650°F. High strength and the resistance to creep at elevated temperatures characterize type 316.
Applications include builder’s hardware, chemical processing equipment, fabricated parts subjected to reducing atmospheres, fertilizer components, exhaust manifolds, turbine and jet engine parts.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION LIMITS (%)
| C Carbon | Mn Manganese | P Phosphorus | S Sulfur | Si Silicon | Cr Chromium | Ni Nickel | N Nitrogen | Mo Molybdemum | Other |
| 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.00-18.00 | 10.00-14.00 | 2.00-3.00 | - | - |
MECHANICAL PROPERTY LIMITS
| Temper | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength | Elongation | Rockwell | ||
| KSi | MPa | KSi | MPa | in 2 inches % | ||
| Annealed | 75 | -515 | 30 | -205 | 40 | B-95 max. |
Application of 316/316L
The most familiar uses of type 316 stainless steel are in the construction of exhaust manifolds, furnace parts, heat exchangers, jet engine parts, evaporators, chemical processing equipment, pharmaceutical and photographic equipment, valve and pump parts, tanks, pulp and paper and textile processing equipment and parts that are exposed to marine environments.
316 Chemical composition: | ||||||
C | Si | Mn | Cr | Ni | S | P |
0.08 | ≤1.0 | ≤2.0 | 16.0~18.0 | 10.0~14.0 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.045 |
mechanical properties: | ||||||
Tensile strength σb (MPa) | Conditions yield strength 0.2 sigma (MPa) | Elongation % (min) | Hardness | |||
520 | 205 | 40 | ≤187HB ≤90HRB ≤200HV | |||
C | S | Mn | P | S | Ni | Cr | Mo | |
201 | ≤0.15 | ≤1.00 | ≤5.5-7.0 | ≤0.060 | ≤0.030 | 3.50-5.50 | 16.00-18.00 | |
202 | ≤0.15 | ≤1.00 | ≤7.50-10.00 | ≤0.060 | ≤0.030 | 4.0-6.0 | 17.0-19.0 | --- |
304 | ≤0.07 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.030 | 8.00-11.00 | 17.00-19.00 | --- |
304L | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.030 | 8.00-12.00 | 18.00-20.00 | --- |
316 | ≤0.08 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.030 | 10.00-14.00 | 16.00-18.50 | 2 |
316L | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.030 | 12.00-15.00 | 16.00-18.00 | 2 |
